Osmangazi Journal of Educational Research (OJER) is published by the Institute of Education of Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Turkey. For more information about the Institute of Education please visit http://ebe.ogu.edu.tr OJER is an online, open-access, international, scholarly, peer-reviewed journal offering scholarly research articles on various topics in all areas of educational sciences. All submitted manuscripts must be original, previously unpublished and not under consideration for publication in any type of publication outlet. OJER publishes articles only in English. OJER is being published twice (Spring and Fall) a year. Osmangazi Journal of Educational Research (OJER) is published by the Institute of Education of Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Turkey. OJER aims at bridging the gap between theory and practice in all areas of educational sciences, and promoting high quality scholarly articles. OJER is an online, open-access, international, scholarly, peer-reviewed journal offering scholarly research articles on various topics in all areas of educational sciences. OJER publishes scholarly articles including empirical studies, research reviews, methodological reviews of literature, data-based position papers, policy analyses on education related topics, theoretical articles, and book reviews in all areas of educational sciences. OJER welcomes studies from diverse methodologies, including experimental studies (e.g., group designs, single-subject designs etc.), qualitative studies, case studies, and descriptive studies (e.g., observational methodologies, survey methodologies etc.). Technical quality in research designs, the importance and up-to-dateness of the topic, and comprehensive description of studies is considered for review and publication process in OJER. All submitted manuscripts must be original, previously unpublished and not under consideration for publication in any type of publication outlet. OJER publishes articles only in English. After acceptance of their articles for publication, authors can include extended abstract in their native languages at their own responsibility. OJER doesn’t review extended abstracts in native languages and doesn’t accept any responsibility. OJER is being published twice (April and October) a year. Manuscripts are also accepted in Turkish for review. However, after the review process and acceptance for publication, the manuscript must be translated into English. After translation, authors can include extended abstract in Turkish.